There is growing apprehension in the manufacturing and aviation sectors that the rising costs of diesel and aviation fuel will lead to the total collapse of more industries and airlines operating in the country.
In Kano, Ogun, Edo, Delta, Kogi, Lagos, and Kwara states, the Manufacturers’ Association of Nigeria told The PUNCH on Wednesday that many factories were closing down because of the rising cost of diesel.
The national body of the association warned that more factories would be shut if the diesel price increased to N1,500 from the current N1,000.
Between June and October this year, the prices of diesel and aviation fuel increased by over 50 percent, heightening concerns among the operators.
The price hikes have been attributed to the challenges in the downstream oil sector, including the scarcity of foreign exchange required by marketers for diesel imports and the rise in global crude oil prices.
On Wednesday, the National Public Relations Officer of the Independent Petroleum Marketers Association of Nigeria, Chief Ukadike Chinedu, warned that the dire situation would not improve any time soon.
Chinedu stated, “Diesel is over N1,000 currently, the price is not going down at all, whether VAT (the Value-Added Tax) has been removed or not.
Marketers blame FOREX
“The reason for this is simple: It’s basically because of forex and the rising cost of crude in the international market. So forex, particularly, is a big challenge.”
The oil marketers said one major way to tackle the rising cost of diesel was for the government to fix the nation’s refineries and get them working quickly.
In August, oil marketers said the foreign exchange crisis and the implementation of a 7.5 percent VAT on diesel, pushed up the cost of the commodity to between N900 and N950/litre in many states.
They also pointed out that the development had made local manufacturers raise the alarm that the situation might lead to the closure of some factories and job losses.
Marketers, under the aegis of the Natural Oil and Gas Suppliers Association of Nigeria, explained that their inability to access the United States dollars was impeding their ability to import diesel.
The National President of NOGASA, Benneth Korie, told one of our correspondents in June that the cost of diesel was around N650/litre before the Federal Government imposed a 7.5 percent VAT on the commodity.
On June 20, 2023, The PUNCH reported that the Federal Government had commenced the implementation of the payment of 7.5 percent VAT on diesel.
But after a meeting between the Federal Government and labour leaders on October 1, the Minister of Information and National Orientation, Mohammed Idris, said President Bola Tinubu, had approved the withdrawal of VAT on diesel as part of efforts to assist manufacturers.
MAN warns
But despite the withdrawal of VAT, the price of the commodity has continued to rise with a member of the National Council of MAN, Mr John Aluya, expressing fear that more companies would be shut if the price increased to N1,500.
The immediate vice-president of MAN, Lagos Zone, said that the situation was worsened by the fact that the national grid was not supplying the required electricity.
“With the diesel price going up from N600 upwards to around N1,000 for a litre; by the time it gets to N1,500, more companies would be pulling out because they cannot sustain their production cost,” he said.
Aluya disclosed that MAN had started engaging Huawei on how to explore alternative sources of energy.
He stated, “We, that is, MAN, are already looking at alternative sources of power. Last month, we held a meeting with Huawei to provide us with an alternative source of energy. The programme is ongoing because we know that we cannot continue to rely on our national grid and diesel. They are not sustainable.’’
The Chairman of MAN in Ogun State, George Onafowokan, told The PUNCH that “the increasing diesel prices in Nigeria is leading to higher operational and production costs for us. This, in turn, affects the overall power expenses, ultimately influencing the prices of goods. The current situation is concerning for our members, and nobody finds it amusing.’’
On his part, the Chairman of MAN in Edo and Delta states, Okwara Udendi, said that the increase in the price of diesel and irregular power supply had led to the partial shutdown of operations by most members of the association in both states.
He said that running businesses with generators was no longer viable with the high cost of diesel as customers were not willing to pay higher prices for goods.
He noted that it was difficult to shut down production because it might be difficult to make the machines work if they were left inactive for months.
“Members have resorted to partial production, that is, they produce when there is a power supply. Most cannot afford to buy diesel at over N1,000 per litre for production.’’
The Warri Chamber of Commerce and Industry is worst hit by the high cost of diesel, its President, Mr Francis Eruotor, said.
The WACCIMA president lamented that the prevailing high cost of diesel had been impacting negatively on the operations of the members.
“Over 80 percent of our members are worst hit by it”, he stated, emphasising that “the ugly trend may soon lead to the closure of factories and job losses; Yes, it will.’’
Anambra manufacturers
The Group Chairman, Ayanle Plastic and Nylon Manufacturing Company, Onitsha, Anambra State, Chief Barnabas Okey, said the diesel price was crippling the production of goods and services while thousands of jobs were lost daily.
Okey, who is a former chairman of the Onitsha branch of MAN and member of the Onitsha Chamber of Commerce and Industry, told our correspondent that the development had forced many companies in the state to fold up, while some had relocated.
A member of the Onitsha Chamber of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture, Chief Goddy Chidi, said, “Factories are relocating out of the country, while many, especially small-scale factories, have folded due to the huge amount spent on diesel every day. Some factories spend over N10m running generators every month; this surely has implications.’’
Checks revealed that no fewer than 90 percent of the small-scale industries in Kano State had closed down due to the prohibitive production cost as a result of the high diesel price and unreliable electricity supply.
The state Chairman of MAN, Alhaji Sani Sale, who disclosed this to The PUNCH, stated, “Let me tell you 90 percent of small-scale industries in Kano are not operating because of the high cost of diesel and poor power supply.”
As a result of the current situation, Sale disclosed that most industries had stopped using their generators but relied heavily on the power supply from the Kano Electricity Distribution Company which he said had not been regular.
“We are buying diesel at the cost of over N1,000 per litre. So, with the high cost of the commodity coupled with unstable power supply, many industries have no alternative than to close down,” he noted.
He said the current situation needed urgent and serious intervention from both the federal and state governments.
Four firms shut
In Kwara and Kogi states, no fewer than four manufacturing companies have closed down while others have reduced their operational hours on account of the diesel cost.
The Chairman of the MAN in the two states, Bioku Abdulrahaman, lamented the high cost of diesel which he said was getting higher daily.
Abdulrahman, who is the chairman of Bioraj, a drug manufacturing company in Ilorin, said the situation was made worse by the poor electricity supply.
“As we are speaking now, over four big companies have closed down while some have reduced their production and others are still floating,’’ he revealed.
For his company to produce optimally, the industrialist said he would have to spend about N360,000 on diesel per day, adding that Bioraj had reduced its production to four hours a day.
The Director-General of the Nigerian Association of Chambers of Commerce, Industry, Mines, and Agriculture, Mr Sola Obadimu, blamed the weakening naira on the rising cost of diesel, noting, “It is a function of weakening naira and loss of value of the naira. And the prices of these products in dollars are changing but not the way we are having it here.’’
The Director-General of Nigeria Employers’ Consultative Association Mr Adewale Oyerinde stressed that eliminating the VAT on diesel would lead to a reduction in the price of the commodity.
The Head of Operations, Association of Licensed Telecommunications Operators of Nigeria, Gbolahan Awonuga, noted that a crisis was looming in the industry if the issue was not addressed, and this would likely impact other industries considering the sector’s role in the economy.
Industry statistics estimate that telecom operators use at least 40mn litres of diesel per month to power the over 127,294 base stations in the country.
Awonuga said, “We are the highest consumers of diesel in Nigeria presently. The implication is that the cost of providing service is going high. This is supposed to reflect in the cost of doing business, like we say frequently, we are not isolated from the economy.’’
In 2019, the Vice President of the Network Operations, Airtel Nigeria, Dr Adedoyin Adeola, said, “In Nigerian telecoms, we consume almost 40 million liters per month to power telecoms towers. In the telecoms industry today, it is only in Nigeria and a few other countries that will factor in two power generators in their business case.”
Recently, the head of operations, ALTON, Gbolahan Awonuga, confirmed to The PUNCH, “The report that we are consuming about 40 million litres of diesel per month is correct and should be more than that presently. The quantity has not decreased.’’
An economic analyst, Rotimi Fakayejo, in his submission, lamented that it was a dire situation that could make banks and other firms rethink their hours of operation.
He said, “It is a very critical situation and one way out of it is if we have refineries operating locally and if the government gives a fixed price for crude to the local refiners.’’
Providing an overview of the impact of the diesel price hike, the Chief Executive Officer of TruQ, Williams Fatayo, said, “The biggest effect of this hike is that certain agreements that we had with businesses are no longer valid because a key element of the agreement has now gone up. So, we have reviewed prices with a lot of our customers to that effect just to make sure that operations keep going.”
The President of the West African Specialty Coffee Association, Larry Segun-Lean, hinted that addressing the naira devaluation was crucial, noting that currency devaluation should not occur in the absence of production.
He argued, “Our mistake is devaluing the currency. Again, inflation is a heavy burden on the Nigerian population, necessitating urgent government intervention. Addressing the currency devaluation is crucial. High operational and machinery costs further compound the challenges faced by businesses.’’
The President of MAN, Francis Meshioye, had in July told The PUNCH members of the association spent between 35 percent to 40 percent of their total costs on energy needs.
In August, the President of the Association of Small Business Owners, Femi Egbesola, in an interview with The PUNCH, said no fewer than 7.8 million small businesses had died within the last two years.
They said this at a recent consultative meeting on the development. Speaking on behalf of the Airline Operators of Nigeria, Capt. Roland Iyayi noted that Nigeria currently stands a better chance of driving an alternative fuel for the aviation sector through the exploration of palm oil.
A review of the local airlines’ websites reveals that the prices of one-way tickets range from N95,000 to N110,000, while round-trip tickets are currently priced between N150,000 and N220,000, varying with the time of booking.
The Chief Executive Officer, Belujane Konzult, and former spokesman for the defunct Nigerian Airways, Chris Aligbe, said Jet A1 was the highest single cost factor in airline operation, adding that it would have a terrible impact on airline operations.
He, however, stated that this would result in increased airfare as the burden would be shifted to the passengers.
Aligbe said, “Fuel is the highest single cost factor in airline operation, so, when we have such things skyrocketing, the airlines will be in a very terrible situation.
“They will take a beating and transfer the cost to the passengers, otherwise, they won’t survive. No one expects the local airlines to bear that burden without passing it on to their passengers. That’s the situation we find ourselves in.”
A former national financial secretary of the National Association of Nigerian Travel Agency, Daisi Olotu, accused the local airlines of taking advantage of the Jet A1 crisis to increase the prices of air tickets indiscriminately.
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